Editing Cyberbullying (section)

== Definitions ==
A frequently used definition of cyberbullying is "an aggressive, intentional act or behavior that is carried out by a group or an individual, using electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moreno |first1=Megan A. |title=Cyberbullying |journal=JAMA Pediatrics |date=1 May 2014 |volume=168 |issue=5 |pages=500 |doi=10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.3343 |pmid=24791741 |doi-access=free }}</ref> There are many variations of the definition, such as the [[National Crime Prevention Council]]'s more specific definition: "the process of using the Internet, cell phones or other devices to send or post text or images intended to hurt or embarrass another person."<ref name=":1" />

Cyberbullying is often similar to traditional bullying, with some notable distinctions. Victims of cyberbullying may not know the identity of their bully, or why the bully is targeting them, based on the online nature of the interaction. The harassment can have wide-reaching effects on the victim, as the content used to harass the victim can be spread and shared easily among many people and often remains accessible long after the initial incident.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Pettalia|first1=Jennifer L.|last2=Levin|first2=Elizabeth|last3=Dickinson|first3=Joël|date=November 1, 2013|title=Cyberbullying: Eliciting harm without consequence|journal=Computers in Human Behavior|volume=29|issue=6|pages=2758–2765|doi=10.1016/j.chb.2013.07.020}}</ref>

The terms "[[cyberharassment]]" and "cyberbullying" are sometimes used synonymously, though some people use the latter to refer specifically to harassment among minors or in a school setting.<ref name=":2">{{Cite report|url=https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=735549|title=Protection of Children Online: Federal and State Laws Addressing Cyberstalking, Cyberharassment, and Cyberbullying|last=Smith|first=Alison M.|date=September 5, 2008}}</ref>

=== Cyberstalking===
{{further|Cyberstalking}}
Cyberstalking is a form of online harassment in which the perpetrator uses electronic communications to [[Stalking|stalk]] a victim. This is considered more dangerous than other forms of cyberbullying because it generally involves a credible threat to the victim's safety. Cyberstalkers may send repeated messages intended to threaten or harass, and they may encourage others to do the same, either explicitly or by impersonating their victim and asking others to contact them.<ref name=":2" />

=== Trolling ===
{{Further|Internet troll}}
Internet trolls intentionally try to provoke or offend others in order to elicit a reaction.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Diaz|first=Fernando L.|year=2016|title=Trolling & the First Amendment: Protecting Internet Speech in the Era of Cyberbullies & Internet Defamation|journal=University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology & Policy|pages=135–160}}</ref> Trolls and cyberbullies do not always have the same goals: while some trolls engage in cyberbullying, others may be engaged in comparatively harmless mischief. A troll may be disruptive either for their own amusement or because they are genuinely a combative person.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/10/what-an-academic-who-wrote-her-dissertation-on-trolls-thinks-of-violentacrez/263631/|title = What an Academic Who Wrote Her Dissertation on Trolls Thinks of Violentacrez|date = October 15, 2012|website = The Atlantic|last = Phillips|first = Whitney}}</ref>