Editing Cysticercosis (section)

==History==
[[File:Taenia solium scolex.JPG|thumb|[[Scolex]] (head) of ''Taenia solium'']]
The earliest reference to tapeworms were found in the works of [[ancient Egypt]]ians that date back to almost 2000 BC.<ref name="four">{{cite book |author1=Wadia, N.H. |author2=Singh, G. |chapter=''Taenia Solium'': A Historical Note |editor1=Singh, G. |editor2=Prabhakar, S. |title=''Taenia Solium'' Cysticercosis: From Basic to Clinical Science |publisher=CABI Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=978-0851996288 |pages=157–168 }}</ref> The description of measled pork in the ''[[History of Animals]]'' written by [[Aristotle]] (384–322 BC) showed that the infection of pork with tapeworm was known to [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greeks]] at that time.<ref name="four" /> It was also known to Jewish<ref>Ancient Hebrew Medicine<{{cite web |url=http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/6309/1/Ancient-Hebrew-Medicine.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-03-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226115042/http://www.healthguidance.org/entry/6309/1/Ancient-Hebrew-Medicine.html |archive-date=2011-02-26 }}></ref> and later to [[Medicine in medieval Islam|early Muslim physicians]] and has been proposed as one of the reasons for pork being forbidden by [[Kashrut|Jewish]] and [[Islamic dietary laws]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Neurocysticercosis|first1=O.H. |last1=del Brutto |first2=J. |last2=Sotelo |first3=G.C. |last3=Román|publisher=[[Taylor and Francis]]|year=1998|isbn=978-90-265-1513-2|page=3}}</ref> Recent examination of evolutionary histories of hosts and parasites and DNA evidence show that over 10,000 years ago, ancestors of modern humans in Africa became exposed to tapeworm when they scavenged for food or preyed on antelopes and bovids, and later passed the infection on to domestic animals such as pigs.<ref name="seven">{{cite journal |author=Becker H |journal=Agricultural Research Magazine |volume=49 |issue=5 |title=Out of Africa: The Origins of the Tapeworms |date=May 2001 |url=http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/may01/worms0501.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310150335/http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/may01/worms0501.htm |archive-date=2009-03-10 }}</ref>

Cysticercosis was described by Johannes Udalric Rumler in 1555; however, the connection between tapeworms and cysticercosis had not been recognized at that time.<ref name=Cox02>{{cite journal |author=Cox FE |title=History of human parasitology |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=595–612 |date=October 2002 |pmid=12364371 |pmc=126866 |doi=10.1128/CMR.15.4.595-612.2002}}</ref> Around 1850, [[Friedrich Küchenmeister]] fed pork containing cysticerci of ''T. solium'' to humans awaiting execution in a prison, and after they had been executed, he recovered the developing and adult tapeworms in their intestines.<ref name="four" /><ref name=Cox02/> By the middle of the 19th century, it was established that cysticercosis was caused by the ingestion of the eggs of ''T. solium''.<ref name="six">Küchenmeister, F. The Cysticercus cellulosus transformed within the organism of man into ''Taenia solium''. Lancet 1861 i:39.</ref>