Timeline of zoophilia: Difference between revisions

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======13th century======
======13th century======
* '''c. 1,201 &nbsp;– 1,300''' &nbsp;– The [[History of Sweden (800–1521)#13th century|Kingdom of Sweden]] enacts capital punishment that stipulated that those convicted for bestiality were buried alive.<ref>[http://www.umbrajournal.org/pdfs/articles/2003/Being_Human-Kalpana_Seshadri-Crooks.pdf Being Human: Bestiality, Anthropophagy, and Law]</ref>
* '''c. 1,201 &nbsp;– 1,300''' &nbsp;– The [[History of Sweden (800–1521)#13th century|Kingdom of Sweden]] enacts capital punishment that stipulated that those convicted for bestiality were buried alive.<ref>[http://www.umbrajournal.org/pdfs/articles/2003/Being_Human-Kalpana_Seshadri-Crooks.pdf Being Human: Bestiality, Anthropophagy, and Law]</ref>
* '''c. 1,250 &nbsp;– 1,281''' &nbsp;– The [[Västgötalagen|Younger Westrogothic law]] (Urbotamäl 3. DL) of the province of [[West Gothland]] enacts a ban on bestiality and those convicted are expiated by [[pilgrimage]] to [[Rome]] as [[penance]], along with payment of a fine consisting of three times nine marks.<ref>It is rare that the primary punishment for bestiality is [[pecuniary]]; the crime usually led to capital punishment.</ref><ref>{{cite book |author-last=Ekholst |author-first=Christine |title=A Punishment for Each Criminal: Gender and Crime in Swedish Medieval Law |date=2014 |pages=187-188 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=zYaOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA186#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn=15691462}}</ref>
* '''c. 1,250 &nbsp;– 1,281''' &nbsp;– The [[Västgötalagen|Younger Westrogothic law]] (Urbotamäl 3. DL) of the province of [[West Gothland]] enacts a ban on bestiality and those convicted are expiated by [[pilgrimage]] to [[Rome]] as [[penance]], along with payment of a fine consisting of three times nine marks.<ref>It is rare that the primary punishment for bestiality is [[pecuniary]]; the crime usually led to capital punishment.</ref><ref>{{cite book |author-last=Ekholst |author-first=Christine |title=A Punishment for Each Criminal: Gender and Crime in Swedish Medieval Law |date=2014 |pages=187-188 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=zYaOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA186#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn=1569-1462}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 23:48, 20 January 2017

The timeline of zoophilia covers the history of zoophilia and bestiality among humans and non-human animals.

Before the Common Era

Prehistory

Upper Paleolithic

23rd millennium BCE
230th century BCE

Ancient history

Bronze Age

2nd millennium BCE
18th century BCE
15th century BCE
  • c. 1,406 BCE  – The Book of Deuteronomy is written during this period and within the text it states the:

"Cursed be anyone who lies with any animal.” All the people shall say, “Amen!"[2]

— Torah / Bible, Book of Deuteronomy, Chapter 27, Verses 21
13th century BCE
  • c. 1,300 BCE  – c. 1,201 BCE  – The Hittite laws are written for the Hittite Empire, which punished male bestiality with a pig, a dog, or a cow with capital punishment, while male bestiality with a horse or a mule only prohibited the man from approaching the king or becoming a priest.[3][1]

Classical antiquity

1st millennium BCE
7th century BCE
7th century BCE  – 5th century BCE
  • c. 700 BCE  – c. 401 BCE  – The Book of Leviticus is written during this period and within the text it states the following:

"You shall not have sexual relations with any animal and defile yourself with it, nor shall any woman give herself to an animal to have sexual relations with it: it is perversion. Do not defile yourselves in any of these ways, for by all these practices the nations I am casting out before you have defiled themselves."[4]

— Torah / Bible, Book of Leviticus, Chapter 18, Verses 23-24

"If a man has sexual relations with an animal, he shall be put to death; and you shall kill the animal. If a woman approaches any animal and has sexual relations with it, you shall kill the woman and the animal; they shall be put to death, their blood is upon them."[5]

— Torah / Bible, Book of Leviticus, Chapter 20, Verses 15-16
6th century BCE  – 4th century BCE
  • c. 600 BCE  – c. 301 BCE  – The Book of Exodus is written during this period and within the text it states that:

"Whoever lies with an animal shall be put to death."[6]

— Torah / Bible, Book of Exodus, Chapter 22, Verse 19
5th century BCE

"In my lifetime a strange thing occurred in this district: a he-goat had intercourse openly with a woman."[8]

— Herodotus, Histories, Book 2, Chapter 46, Section 4
1st century BCE
  • c. 27 BCE  – At the beginning of the Roman Empire, legal retribution for bestiality was required only for sodomy, under which bestiality was included.[1]

Common Era

Middle Ages

Early Middle Ages

1st millennium
8th century

High Middle Ages

2nd millennium
13th century

See also

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Podberscek, Anthony; Beetz, Andrea, eds. (2005). Bestiality and Zoophilia: Sexual Relations with Animals. ISBN 1557534128.
  2. Deuteronomy 27:21
  3. Ascione, Frank, ed. (2008). The International Handbook of Animal Abuse and Cruelty: Theory, Research, and Application. p. 205. ISBN 1557535655.
  4. Leviticus 18:23–18:24
  5. Leviticus 20:15–20:16
  6. Exodus 22:19
  7. Dynes, Wayne, ed. (1990). Encyclopedia of Homosexuality, Volume 2. p. 1418. ISBN 9781317368113.
  8. "2" 46 [4]. Histories. ISBN 0674991303. {{cite book}}: Invalid |script-chapter=: missing prefix (help)
  9. M. T. G. Humphreys, Law, Power, and Imperial Ideology in the Iconoclast Era, c. 680-850. Oxford Studies in Byzantium. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. Pp. xxiv, 312. ISBN 9780198701576. $125.00.
  10. Being Human: Bestiality, Anthropophagy, and Law
  11. It is rare that the primary punishment for bestiality is pecuniary; the crime usually led to capital punishment.
  12. Ekholst, Christine (2014). A Punishment for Each Criminal: Gender and Crime in Swedish Medieval Law. pp. 187–188. ISBN 1569-1462. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: length (help)