Template:Cite SSRN/doc
This is a documentation subpage for Template:Cite SSRN. It may contain usage information, categories and other content that is not part of the original template page. |
This template uses Lua: |
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprints |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | A/V media |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | A/V media liner notes |
{{Cite bioRxiv}} | bioRxiv preprints |
{{Cite book}} | books and book chapters |
{{Cite CiteSeerX}} | CiteSeerX papers |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{Cite document}} | short, standalone offline documents |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | podcast, radio or television episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | academic journals |
{{Cite magazine}} | magazines and other periodicals |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public email lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite medRxiv}} | medRxiv preprints |
{{Cite news}} | journalism pieces |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | podcasts |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite report}} | reports |
{{Cite serial}} | A/V serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs or plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | recorded/transcribed speeches |
{{Cite SSRN}} | SSRN papers |
{{Cite tech report}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | scholarly theses |
{{Cite web}} | online sources not covered above |
See also | Specific-source templates Citation Style 1 wrapper templates |
This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for sources identified by an SSRN identifier.
Usage
Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn=
, have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=
which are acceptable for use). Use the |
(vertical bar or "pipe") character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date; if the date is not current, then the page.
For references with author credit
For references without author credit
|
{{Cite SSRN | title = | last = | first = | date = | ssrn = | quote = | df = }} |
|
Vertical list | Prerequisites | Instructions / Notes |
---|---|---|
{{Cite SSRN |title= |last= |first= |author= |author-link= |last2= |first2= |author2= |author-link2= |date= |year= |ssrn= |page= |pages= |at= |language= |trans-title= |quote= |ref= |postscript= }} |
last last last2 author author-link |
suggested required |
- If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.
Examples
{{Cite SSRN |title=Why Do People Migrate? A Review of the Theoretical Literature |last=Hagen‐Zanker |first=Jessica |date=2008-03-14 |ssrn=1105657 |df=mdy}}
{{Cite SSRN |title=Deep Reinforcement Learning for Portfolio Allocation |last1=Ungari |first1=Sandrine |last2=Benhamou |first2=Eric |date=2021-08-12 |ssrn=3886804 |df=dmy}}
{{Cite SSRN |title=Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research |last=Taherdoost |first=Hamed |date=2018-07-31 |ssrn=3205035 |pages=18–27 |df=ymd}}
Foreign language and translated title
{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=Honi soit qui mal y pense |last=Joliet |first=François |date=2005-04-30 |access-date=21 November 2024 |language=fr-FR |trans-title=Shame on those who think evil of it |df=mdy}}
- Joliet, François (April 30, 2005). "Honi soit qui mal y pense" [Shame on those who think evil of it] (in français). Retrieved 21 November 2024.
Using author-link
{{Cite web |url=http://www.example.org/ |title=My Favorite Things, Part II |last=Doe |first=John |author-link=wikipedia:John Doe |publisher=Open Publishing |date=April 30, 2005 |website=Encyclopedia of Things |access-date=November 21, 2024}}
- Doe, John (April 30, 2005). "My Favorite Things, Part II". Encyclopedia of Things. Open Publishing. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
Multiple authors
{{Cite SSRN |title=Moral Foundations Theory: The Pragmatic Validity of Moral Pluralism |last1=Graham |first1=Jesse |last2=Haidt |first2=Jonathan |last3=Koleva |first3=Sena |last4=Motyl |first4=Matt |last5=Iyer |first5=Ravi |last6=Wojcik |first6=Sean P. |last7=Ditto |first7=Peter H. |date=2012-12-04 |ssrn=2184440 |df=mdy}}
No author
{{Cite SSRN |title=Terrorism, Panic and Pedophilia |date=2003-09-12 |ssrn=431420 |df=mdy}}
Using quote
{{cite web |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/c.html |title=Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea |website=WebExhibits |date=2008 |access-date=21 November 2024 |quote=... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'}}
- "Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea". WebExhibits. 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
... Lord Balfour came forward with a unique concern: 'Supposing some unfortunate lady was confined with twins ...'
- "Daylight saving time: rationale and original idea". WebExhibits. 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
Parameters
Syntax
Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:
- parent
- OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
- child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
- OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)
- Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.
By default, sets of fields are terminated with a full stop .
or "period."
COinS
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. (See Wikipedia:COinS) As a general rule, supply only one data item per parameter and do not include explanatory or alternate text.
- Use
|date=September 27, 2007
, not|date=September 27, 2007 (print version September 25, 2007)
.
Use of other templates as parameter values for {{Citation}}-family templates is discouraged because many of them add supplementary HTML or CSS code that will be included verbatim in the COinS metadata. Also, HTML entities such as
, –
, or  
should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.
COinS metadata is created for these parameters
Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive while other are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, its aliases and their dependencies is shown in the § Usage section near the top of this documentation page.
|periodical=
,|journal=
,|newspaper=
,|magazine=
,|work=
,|website=
,|encyclopedia=
,|encyclopaedia=
and/or|dictionary=
|chapter=
,|script-chapter=
,|contribution=
,|script-contribution=
,|entry=
,|script-entry=
,|article=
,|script-article=
,|section=
and/or|script-section=
|title=
,|script-title=
and/or|book-title=
|publication-place=
,|place=
and/or|location=
|date=
,|year=
and/or|publication-date=
|series=
and/or|version=
|volume=
,|issue=
and/or|number=
|page=
,|pages=
,|at=
,|quote-page=
and/or|quote-pages=
|edition=
|publisher=
and/or|institution=
|url=
,|chapter-url=
,|contribution-url=
and/or|section-url=
|author-last=
,|author-last#=
,|author#-last=
,|author-surname=
,|author-surname#=
,|author#-surname=
,|last=
,|last#=
,|surname=
,|surname#=
,|author=
,|author#=
,|subject=
,|subject#=
,|host=
and/or|host#=
|author-first=
,|author-first#=
,|author#-first=
,|author-given=
,|author-given#=
,|author#-given=
,|first=
,|first#=
,|given=
and/or|given#=
|degree=
|arxiv=
,|bibcode=
,|biorxiv=
,|citeseerx=
,|doi=
,|eissn=
,|eprint=
,|hdl=
,|isbn=
,|issn=
,|jfm=
,|jstor=
,|lccn=
,|message-id=
,|mr=
,|oclc=
,|osti=
,|pmc=
,|pmid=
,|rfc=
,|ssrn=
,|s2cid=
and/or|zbl=
Deprecated
Deprecated parameter(s) | Replacement parameter(s) | Date | Note |
---|---|---|---|
None deprecated at present. |
Removed parameter(s) | Replacement parameter(s) | Date | Note |
---|---|---|---|
|authors=
|
|lastn= / |firstn= , |authorn= or |vauthors=
|
August 2024 |
Description
Authors
author-link
instead. Use this or one of its aliases for corporate authors or those for whom only one name is listed by the source (e.g.|author=Bono
). Aliases:surname
,author
,lastn
,surnamen
,authorn
.author
: The name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (given names and surname) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use offirst
andlast
. This parameter should never hold the information of more than a single author. Supports accept-this-as-written markup. Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.first
: Given or first names of a single author, as in Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M. Sr.; do not wikilink—useauthor-link
instead. Requireslast
, first name will not display iflast
is undefined. Aliases:given
,firstn
,givenn
.- For multiple authors use
last1
,first1
throughlastn
,firstn
, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (eachfirstn
requires a correspondinglastn
, but not the other way around. See thedisplay
parameters to change how many authors are displayed.) Aliases:surname1
,given1
throughsurnamen
,givenn
, orauthor1
throughauthorn
. For an individual author along with an institutional author, you can use|first1=…
,|last1=…
and|author2=…
. author-link
: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:author-link1
,author1-link
,authorlink
.- For multiple authors use
author-link1
throughauthor-linkn
. Aliases:author1-link
throughauthorn-link
.
- For multiple authors use
name-list-style
: One of the following keywords:amp
,ampersand
or&
: Inserts an ampersand between the last two entries in the list of names.and
: Inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two entries in the list of names.vanc
: Displays listed names in Vancouver style when the lists use thelast
/first
forms of the author name parameters.
: Surname of a single author; do not wikilink—use - Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses and conclude with "et al." if appropriate (e.g.
|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), et al.
).author-link
andauthor-mask
: Used for the individual names in|vauthors=
as described above.
: A comma-delimited list of author names in - collaboration: The name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires
author
,last
orvauthors
listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list, appending "et al." when needed. - Note: When using
{{Sfnote}}
or{{Paren}}
styles with templates do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.
Title
- title: The title of the source page, displays in quotation marks. For titles containing quotation marks, convert double quotation marks (") to single quotation marks ('). If
script-title
is defined, usetitle
to hold a Romanization (if available) of the title inscript-title
.script-title
: The original title, for languages that do not use a Latin-alphabet script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); follows Romanization defined intitle
(if present). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script:…|title=Tōkyō tawā|script-title=ja:東京タワー|trans-title=Tokyo Tower…
- trans-title: The English translation of the title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; displays in square brackets after
title
withtrans-title
included in the link. Use of thelanguage
parameter is recommended.
- Titles containing certain characters will display and link incorrectly unless those characters are encoded.
newline | [ | ] | | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | | |
{{Bracket|text}} | {{Pipe}} – See also Help:Table § Rendering pipe itself. |
- This parameter is required and will generate an error if not defined. On errors, Main, Help and Template namespace pages are placed into Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set
|no-tracking=true
to disable categorization; mainly used for in-place documentation where the error is demonstrated.
- website: The title of the hosting website of the source (when the website has a clear name, use that rather than the domain name), shown in italics; may be wikilinked. Aliases:
work
.
type
: Provides additional information about the media type of the source displayed in parentheses following the title; may alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if not the manuscript's final version (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. The reserved keyword|type=none
can be used to disable the display of a type, if desired. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias:medium
.
- language: The language or a comma-delimited list of the languages in which the source is written, as either the ISO 639 language code(s) (preferred) or the full language name, displayed in parentheses after the title with "in" before the language name or names. Examples:
|language=ru
;|lang=fr, pt-PT
;|lang=Russian
;|language=French, Portuguese
. See the list of supported codes and names. Do not use templates or wikilinks. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the Citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources. Aliases: lang
Date
- date: The date of the referenced source, displayed after the authors enclosed in parentheses; can be a full date (month, day and year) or partial (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations[date 1] and do not wikilink. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher. For acceptable date formats, see Help:Citation Style 1 § Dates.
- Shortened footnotes target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate
{{Sfn}}
links to multiple works by the same author in the same year[more], unless the date is formatted asYYYY-MM-DD
. In the latter case,year
orref
is required to disambiguate the link targets.
- For no date, or "undated", use
|date=n.d.
, and for approximate years precede with "c.
", as in|date=c. 1900
. - The date of a web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a
created
orupdated
date; a comment for editors such as|date=2021-12-25<!-- Date from page source. -->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01
can be added.
- year: The year of publication, however the more flexible
date
parameter detailed above also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the|date=
parameter, unless both of the following conditions are met:- Shortened footnotes target multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. This situation warrants a citation reference anchor disambiguator, usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
- The
|date=
value is formatted asYYYY-MM-DD
, which prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.
- df: The date format for rendered dates; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates and overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one keyword value which may be one of:
mdy
– Set publication dates to month day, year format;access-
andarchive-
dates are not modifieddmy
– As above for day month year formatymd
– As above for year-first numeric format YYYY-MM-DDmdy-all
– Set publication,access-
andarchive-
dates to month day, year formatdmy-all
– As above for day month year formatymd-all
– As above for year-first numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
- ↑ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates.
In-source locations
- page: The number of a single page in the source that supports the content, shown preceded by
p.
unless|no-pp=yes
; use eitherpage
orpages
, but not both. If hyphenated, use {{Hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g.|page=3{{Hyphen}}12
), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert|page=3-12
to|pages=3{{Ndash}}12
. Alias:p
. - pages: A range of pages in the source that supports the content, shown preceded by
pp.
unless|no-pp=yes
; use eitherpage
orpages
, but not both. Separate sequential pages using an en dash (–) and non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. If hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use double parentheses to tell the template to display the value without processing it and {{Hyphen}} to indicate to other editors that a hyphen is really intended, as in|pages=((3{{Hyphen}}1{{Ndash}}3{{Hyphen}}15))
. Alternatively, useat
, like this:|at=pp. 3-1–3-15
. Alias:pp
.- no-pp: Set to
yes
,y
, ortrue
to suppress the "p." or "pp." page notations where inappropriate; for example, where|page=Front cover
or|pages=passim
.
- no-pp: Set to
- at: For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient; overridden by
page
orpages
. Use only one ofpage
,pages
orat
'.- Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene; canto; book; part; folio; stanza; back cover; liner notes; indicia; colophon; dust jacket; verse.
- For
quote-page
andquote-pages
(used in conjunction withquote
), see here.
Anchor
- ref: The citation's HTML anchor identifier. When set,
|ref=ID
generates a custom anchor with the given ID (theid=
attribute in the citation's<cite id="ID">
HTML tag) and identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, which is especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The default anchor ID is suitable for use with {{Sfn}} and {{Harvard citation}} templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation altogether, set|ref=none
. The parameter/keyword pair|ref=harv
no longer holds any special meaning; this deprecated setting should not be used and may be removed from existing CS1 & CS2 templates. Aliases: none. (See Template:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.)
Identifiers
The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822
or |pmc=345678
.
- arxiv: An arXiv document identifier, for example:
|arxiv=hep-th/9205027
(pre-April 2007) or|arxiv=0706.0001
(April 2007 – December 2014) or|arxiv=1501.00001
(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases:eprint
. - asin: An Amazon Standard Identification Number (ASIN); if the first character is a digit, use
isbn
instead. Example:|asin=B00005N5PF
. Aliases:ASIN
.- asin-tld: The top-level domain for Amazon sites used to resolve the
asin
value (other than the US); valid values are:ae
(United Arab Emirates),au
(Australia),br
(Brazil),ca
(Canada),cn
(People's Republic of China),de
(Germany),es
(Spain),fr
(France),in
(India),it
(Italy),jp
(Japan),mx
(Mexico),nl
(the Netherlands),pl
(Poland),sa
(Saudi Arabia),se
(Sweden),sg
(Singapore),tr
(Turkey),uk
(United Kingdom). Aliases: none.
- asin-tld: The top-level domain for Amazon sites used to resolve the
- bibcode: A Bibcode reference identifier, used by a number of astronomical data systems. Example:
|bibcode=1974AJ.....79..819H
. Aliases: none. - biorxiv: A bioRxiv ("Bio Archive") ID, as in the entire DOI. Example:
|biorxiv=10.1101/078733
for https://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or|biorxiv=10.1101/2020.07.24.220400
for https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400. Aliases: none. - citeseerx: A CiteSeerX ID, the string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL. Example:
|citeseerx=10.1.1.176.341
for https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341. Aliases: none. - doi: A digital object identifier (DOI). Example:
|doi=10.1038/news070508-7
. It must begins with10.
to successfully pass validation. Aliases:DOI
.- Supports accept-this-as-written markup to bypass the validation process for DOIs using a non-standard format.
- doi-broken-date: The date a valid DOI was found to be non-working or inactive at https://doi.org/; use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
- eissn: An International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media (eISSN) of a serial publication, consisting of eight characters that may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space. Example:
|eissn=1557-2986
. Aliases:EISSN
.- Supports accept-this-as-written markup to bypass the validation process for eISSNs using a non-standard format.
- hdl: A Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet. Example:
|hdl=20.1000/100
. Aliases:HDL
. - isbn: An International Standard Book Number (ISBN); use the code actually printed on or in the book, giving preference to the newer 13-digit format beginning with
978
/979
when it is available, though the older 10-digit format still generates valid links if that is the only one present. Do not convert a 10-digit code to the 13-digit format just by adding the 978 prefix; the terminal digit is a calculated checksum and making changes to the numbers will make the code invalid. Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information—usually the back of the title page—or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). (See WP:ISBN and ISBN § Overview.) For sources with the even older 9-digit Standard Book Number (SBN) codes, usesbn
. This parameter should hold only the ISBN, without any additional information; it is checked for length and invalid characters: anything other than numbers, spaces and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character for the 10-digit format or the proper check digit. Example:|isbn=978-0-8126-9593-9
. Aliases:ISBN
.- Use the {{Format ISBN}} template within the parameter – in the form
|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}
– if you are unsure of how any particular value should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher. - Supports accept-this-as-written markup to bypass the validation process for ISBNs using a non-standard format.
- Use the {{Format ISBN}} template within the parameter – in the form
- ismn: An International Standard Music Number (ISMN); use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work, hyphens or spaces are optional. This parameter should hold only the ISMN code without any additional information; it is checked for length and invalid characters: anything other than numbers, spaces and hyphens, and the proper check digit. Example:
|ismn=979-0-9016791-7-7
. Aliases:ISMN
. - issn: An International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), consisting of eight characters which may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space. Example:
|issn=2049-3630
. Aliases:ISSN
.- Supports accept-this-as-written markup to bypass the validation process for ISSNs using a non-standard format.
- jfm: A Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik identifier (German for 'Yearbook on the Progress of Mathematics'); do not include "JFM" in the value. Example:
|jfm=53.0144.01
. Aliases:JFM
. - jstor: A Journal Storage (JSTOR) reference number. Example:
|jstor=3793107
. Aliases:JSTOR
. - lccn: A Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN); when present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space. Examples:
|lccn=79-57364
,|lccn=2004042477
,|lccn=e09001178
. Aliases:LCCN
. - mr: A Mathematical Reviews (MR) identifier. Example:
|mr=630583
. Aliases:MR
. - oclc: An OCLC Control Number (OCN) for looking up publications in the WorldCat union catalog. Example:
|oclc=9355469
. Aliases:OCLC
. - ol: An Open Library (OL) identifier; do not include "OL" in the value. Example:
|ol=7030731M
. Aliases:OL
. - osti: An Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) identifier. Example:
|osti=4367507
. Aliases:OSTI
. - pmc: A PubMed Central (PMC) identifier; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article and do not include "PMC" in the value. (Also see the
pmid
parameter; these are two distinct identifiers.) Example:|pmc=345678
. Aliases:PMC
. - pmid: A PubMed unique identifier. (Also see the
pmc
parameter; these are two distinct identifiers.) Example:|pmid=17322060
. Aliases:PMID
. - rfc: An IETF Request for Comments (RFC) number. Example:
|rfc=3143
. Aliases:RFC
. - sbn: A Standard Book Number (SBN) code consisting of nine digits, optionally formatted using hyphens or spaces. Do not include "SBN" in the value. Example:
|sbn=356-02201-3
. Aliases:SBN
.- Supports accept-this-as-written markup to bypass the validation process for SBNs using a non-standard format.
- ssrn: A Social Science Research Network (SSRN) numeric identifier. Example:
|ssrn=1900856
. Aliases:SSRN
. - s2cid: A Semantic Scholar corpus ID. Example:
|s2cid=37220927
. Aliases:S2CID
. - zbl: A zbMATH Open (formerly Zentralblatt MATH) document ID code. For zbMATH search results like
JFM 35.0387.02
, use|jfm=35.0387.02
instead. Example:|zbl=0472.53010
. Aliases:ZBL
.
In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format, or use non-conforming checksums, which would typically cause an error message to be shown by the CS1 & CS2 template families. If you encounter such a situation, do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (doi
, eissn
, isbn
, issn
and sbn
) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the templates' error-checking function (as |<param>=((<value>))
). However, if the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.
For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access=
parameter.
For {{Cite journal}}, some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when the url
and title-link
parameters are not present to explicitly define a link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one of a number of special keywords for the title-link
parameter to manually select a specific source (such as |title-link=pmc
or |title-link=doi
) for auto-linking, or to disable the feature (with |title-link=none
).
It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The url
parameter (or title-link
) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document, or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.
Quote
- quote: A relevant text snippet quoted from the source, displayed enclosed in double quotation marks. When supplied, the citation terminator (a full stop
.
or "period" by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. Ifscript-quote
is defined, usequote
to hold a Romanization (if available) of the text inscript-quote
.- script-quote: The original quotation supplied to
quote
, for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.), shown unitalicized following the italicized Romanization defined inquote
(if available). Must be prefixed with one of the supported language codes to help browsers properly display the script. Alias: none.…|quote=Tōkyō tawā|script-quote=ja:東京タワー|trans-quote=Tokyo Tower…
- trans-quote: The English translation of the quotation, if the source quoted is in a foreign language, displayed enclosed by square brackets. Alias: none.
- script-quote: The original quotation supplied to
- quote-page: The number of a single page quoted in
quote
; use eitherquote-page
orquote-pages
, but not both. This should be a subset of the page(s) specified inpage
,pages
orat
. Shown preceded byp.
, unless|no-pp=yes
is specified. If hyphenated, use {{Hyphen}} to indicate this is intentional (e.g.|quote-page=3{{Hyphen}}12
). Alias: none. - quote-pages: A list or range of pages quoted in
quote
; use eitherquote-page
orquote-pages
, but not both. This should be a subset of the pages specified inpages
orat
. Use an en dash (–) to indicate the page range, separating non-sequential pages with a comma,
. Output is preceded bypp.
unless|no-pp=yes
is defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, such as:pp. 3-1–3-15
, use doubled parentheses to force the template to display the value ofquote-pages
without processing it, and use {{Hyphen}} to indicate to other editors that a hyphen is really intended, as in:|quote-pages=((3{{Hyphen}}1{{Ndash}}3{{Hyphen}}15))
. Alias: none.
Display options
- mode: Sets the element separator, default terminal punctuation and certain capitalization choices. For
|mode=cs1
the element separator and terminal punctuation is a full stop (.
) or "period" and where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved…'); for|mode=cs2
the element separator is a comma (,
), terminal punctuation is omitted, and where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved…'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2, respectively. To override default terminal punctuation only, use thepostscript
parameter. - contributor-mask, editor-mask, interviewer-mask, subject-mask and translator-mask: Replaces the name of the (first) author with em dashes or text. Set <name>-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide and/or set <name>-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator, such as "with". The numeric value
0
is a special case to be used in conjunction with <name>-link—in this case, the value of <name>-link will be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values listing the names for all associated people/entities for metadata purposes. This parameter is primarily intended for use with bibliographies, especially when styled so multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially, such as Template:Sfnote. Do not use in a list generated by {{Reflist}}, the<references />
tag or anything similar, as there is no control of the order in which references are placed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.|authorn-mask=
) to apply the mask to a specific name.
, - display-contributors, display-editors, display-interviewers, display-subjects and display-translators: Controls the number of author (or other contributor type) names that are displayed; by default, all are. To limit the number of names shown, set the parameter to the desired number, for example
|display-authors=2
will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other contributor types).|display-authors=0
is a special case that suppresses the display of all authors, including the et al. (|display-authors=etal
displays all authors in the list followed by "et al.") Aliases: none.
, - postscript: Determines the closing punctuation for a citation, defaulting to a full stop
.
or "period"; for no terminating punctuation, specify|postscript=none
– leaving this parameter empty is the same as omitting it, but unhelpfully ambiguous to other editors. Additional text or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character will generate a maintenance message. This parameter is ignored ifquote
is defined.
TemplateData
TemplateData for Cite SSRN
Formats a citation to the SSRN website using the provided information such as URL and title.
Parameter | Description | Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Title | title | Page title on the SSRN website; will display with quotation marks added. | String | required |
Last name | last last1 author author1 author-last author1-last author-last1 surname1 surname | The surname of the author; don't wikilink but use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors. | Line | suggested |
First name | first given author-first first1 given1 author-first1 author1-first | Given or first and/or middle names or initials of the author; don't wikilink but use 'author-link' instead; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors. | Line | suggested |
Author link | author-link author-link1 author1-link | Title of existing Zoophilia Wiki article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to support additional authors. | Page name | optional |
Second author last name | last2 author2 | The surname of the second author; don't wikilink but use 'author-link2' instead. | Line | optional |
Second author first name | first2 | First and/or middle names or initials of the second author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 2 | author-link2 author2-link | Title of existing Zoophilia Wiki article about the second author. | Page name | optional |
Source date | date | Full date when the source was published and do not wikilink; if unknown, use access-date instead. | Date | suggested |
Year of publication | year | Year of the source being referenced; deprecated in favor of 'date' except for ISO dates with CITEREF in CS2 or Harvard-style citations. | Line | deprecated |
Page | page | Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.' | String | optional |
Pages | pages | Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.' | String | optional |
At | at | May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient | String | optional |
Language | language | The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates | String | optional |
Translated title | trans-title | An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended | String | optional |
SSRN | ssrn | Social Science Research Network ID number | String | optional |
Quote | quote | Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation | String | optional |
Ref | ref | An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv template | String | optional |
Postscript | postscript | The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined
| String | optional |
Author mask | author-mask | Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead | String | optional |
Last name 3 | last3 author3 | The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'. | Line | optional |
First name 3 | first3 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 3 | author-link3 author3-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 4 | last4 author4 | The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'. | Line | optional |
First name 4 | first4 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 4 | author-link4 author4-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 5 | last5 author5 | The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'. | Line | optional |
First name 5 | first5 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 5 | author-link5 author5-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 6 | last6 author6 | The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'. | Line | optional |
First name 6 | first6 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 6 | author-link6 author6-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 7 | last7 author7 | The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'. | Line | optional |
First name 7 | first7 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 7 | author-link7 author7-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 8 | last8 author8 | The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'. | Line | optional |
First name 8 | first8 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 8 | author-link8 author8-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author. | Page name | optional |
Last name 9 | last9 author9 | The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. | Line | optional |
First name 9 | first9 | Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink. | Line | optional |
Author link 9 | author-link9 author9-link | Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author. | Page name | optional |
Display authors | display-authors | Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used. By default, all authors are displayed. Examples: |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation followed by et al. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al. | String | optional |