Legality of bestiality by country or territory: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 23:38, 26 November 2023

Legality of bestiality by country or territory concerns the laws governing humans performing sex acts with non-human animals. Laws against humans performing sex acts on animals, where they exist, are concerned with the actual act, which it commonly refers to as bestiality, rather than the sexual attraction to animals. For this reason, prohibitions of zoophilic pornography are more varied; they may be unlawful if an actual sex act with an animal is involved, but the status is not clear-cut if there is a mere representation, such as a painting or cartoon. In that case, normal obscenity laws will normally apply. All zoophilic imagery is widely regarded as pornography.

Political parties

On 21 April 2015, the Liberal Alliance was the only party in the Danish Folketing to oppose and vote against banning bestiality, while the Red-Green Alliance abstained. Liberal Alliance MP Joachim Olsen said about the bill: "Best case, this is a superficial law. Worst case, it is political populism and moralism".^[1]^[2]

Organizations

Denmark's Animal Ethics Council opposed banning bestiality in Denmark in 2006 and 2015, saying existing laws which allow bestiality except in cases where the animal can be proved to have suffered were enough.^[3]^[4]

Objectives

Laws on bestiality tend to be shaped by animal welfare concerns, moral views, and cultural beliefs. In many cultures, humans are seen as fundamentally different from other animals and having sex with animals is seen as defilement.^[5]

One of the primary critiques of bestiality is that it is harmful to animals and necessarily abusive, because animals are unable to give or withhold consent.^[6]

Background

International differences

Some jurisdictions list laws very clearly, such as England and Wales, which specifically prohibits penetration of a human being by the penis of an animal, and penetration of an animal by a human's penis.^[7]

By contrast, many countries and US states are less precise about the scope of law in that they outlaw sex with animals, without defining what constitutes "sex".

Even if bestiality is not explicitly prohibited, there are often many other laws which can be used to effectively prosecute cases. For example, most countries have animal cruelty laws, and a prosecutor will argue that all zoophilia activity is animal abuse.^[8] In some U.S. states, a person who engages in bestiality can be charged with animal cruelty.^[9]

Prohibitions without specific bestiality statutes

Some countries have a range of laws on their books. Sometimes sodomy laws or "crime against nature" laws are used to prosecute people who have sex with animals.

In the case of Kenneth Pinyan, who died from injuries sustained from receiving anal sex from a horse, local law enforcement found that there were no laws that allowed them to prosecute his friend, who had filmed the event and also allowed himself to be sodomized by the horse. The friend was prosecuted for trespassing. That case prompted the Washington State legislature to draw up legislation outlawing sex with animals.^[10]

In a 2005 Florida case, a man who had sex with his dog was charged with disorderly conduct, since the state had no anti-bestiality laws on the books at the time.^[11] On 1 October 2011, the state of Florida State Law 828.126, F.S went into effect, banning sex with animals.^[12]

Laws against sex with animals

Aggrawal has discussed extensively on laws against bestiality.^[13] It is permitted in a few countries although ordinary animal treatment laws apply.

There are also commonly laws against forcing another person to engage in sexual activity with other animals, especially minors (usually considered equivalent to rape), and laws related to exposing others (either non-consensually or minors) to the sight of a sexual act. In some jurisdictions, laws against zoophilia conduct also include provisions for seizure of animals where convicted.

Zoophilic pornography

The legality of pornography has three components: legality of production, legality of sale and transportation, and legality of ownership. In general, animal pornography is legal to produce where both zoophilic activity and the creation of pornography in general are legal. Laws concerning sale, transmission and ownership vary more widely.

Erotic art, such as animal pornography in cartoons and the like, which does not require the recording of an actual sexual act, are not usually considered sex with animals by the law, and so their status depends upon more general laws such as legal limits upon obscenity or pornography alone, and the thin line between erotic art and pornography.

National laws

Laws affecting zoophilic activities vary across different countries and other sub-national jurisdictions. In general, these laws regulate performing or receiving sexual activity from non-human animals, or the sale, distribution, and ownership of zoophilic pornography.

Africa

Northern Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Algeria	❌ Illegal since 8 June 1966 Penalty: Maximum of three years in prison and a fine 10,000 Algerian dinars^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Canary Islands (Autonomous community of Spain)	❌ Illegal since 30 March 2015 Penalty: Minimum of three months and one day to a maximum of one year of imprisonment and a year's disqualification and a day to three years for the exercise of profession, trade or business that is related to animals and animal husbandry^[15]^[16]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Ceuta (Autonomous city of Spain)	❌ Illegal since 30 March 2015 Penalty: Minimum of three months and one day to a maximum of one year of imprisonment and a year's disqualification and a day to three years for the exercise of profession, trade or business that is related to animals and animal husbandry^[15]^[16]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Egypt	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Libya	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Madeira (Autonomous region of Portugal)	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Melilla (Autonomous city of Spain)	❌ Illegal since 30 March 2015 Penalty: Minimum of three months and one day to a maximum of one year of imprisonment and a year's disqualification and a day to three years for the exercise of profession, trade or business that is related to animals and animal husbandry^[15]^[16]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Morocco	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
South Sudan	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Sudan	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Tunisia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of three years' imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Western Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Benin	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Burkina Faso	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cape Verde	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Côte d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Gambia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years' imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Ghana	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of three years' imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Guinea	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guinea-Bissau	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Liberia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mali	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Mauritania	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Niger	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nigeria	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years' imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Senegal	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Sierra Leone	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Togo	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Central Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Cameroon	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of five years' imprisonment ^[17]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Central African Republic	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Chad	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Legal^[18]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Equatorial Guinea	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Gabon	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Republic of the Congo	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Southeast Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Burundi	❌ Illegal Penalty: Minimum of one year's imprisonment, maximum of three years' imprisonment, fine of fifty thousand to one hundred thousand francs, or both^[19]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kenya	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years' imprisonment or the common law offense^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Rwanda	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of two years' imprisonment^[20]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Uganda	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Tanzania Tanzania	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal

Horn of Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Djibouti	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Eritrea	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of six months in prison and a fine 20,000 Nakfas^[21]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Ethiopia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Imprisonment^[22]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Somalia	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Somaliland	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal

Indian Ocean States

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
British Indian Ocean Territory (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Comoros	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Overseas territory of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Madagascar	Legal^[18]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mauritius	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of five years' imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mayotte Mayotte (Overseas department of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Réunion Réunion (Overseas department of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Seychelles Seychelles	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Southern Africa

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Angola	Legal^[18]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Botswana	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of seven years' imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Eswatini (Swaziland)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Lesotho	❌ Illegal^[24]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Malawi	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years' imprisonment, with or without corporal punishment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mozambique	Legal^[18]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Namibia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Determined by judge^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Africa	❌ Illegal Penalty: Determined by judge^[25]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of five years in prison and R200,000 fine^[26]	❓ Unknown
Zambia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Zimbabwe	❌ Illegal Penalty: Up to one year in prison^[27]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Americas

North America

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Bermuda (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Canada Canada	❌ Illegal Penalty: Up to 10 years in prison^[28]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Greenland (Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Saint Pierre et Miquelon (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Mexico

Country, federal district, or state	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Mexico	N/A	N/A	N/A
Aguascalientes	❌ Illegal since 2009^[29] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Baja California	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Baja California Sur	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Campeche	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Chiapas	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Chihuahua	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Coahuila	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Colima	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Durango	❌ Illegal since 2013^[30] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guanajuato Guanajuato	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guerrero	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Hidalgo	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jalisco	❌ Illegal since 2012^[31] Penalty: ❓ unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Michoacán	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Morelos	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mexico	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mexico City Mexico City	❌ Illegal^[32] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nayarit	❌ Illegal since 2006^[33] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nuevo León	❌ Illegal since 2016^[34] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Oaxaca	❌ Illegal since 2015 Penalty: Maximum of one year in prison and a fine of 800 days of salary^[35]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Puebla	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Querétaro	❌ Illegal since 2009^[36] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
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San Luis Potosí	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Sinaloa	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Sonora	❌ Illegal^[38] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tabasco	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tamaulipas	❌ Illegal since 2010^[39] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tlaxcala	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Veracruz	❌ Illegal since 2010^[40] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Yucatán	❌ Illegal since 2011^[41] 'Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
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United States

United States of America

This section will be worked on due to issues with incorrect flags.

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Alabama	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Alaska	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Arizona	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Arkansas	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
California	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Colorado	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Connecticut	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Delaware	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Washington, D.C. District of Columbia	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Florida	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Georgia	❌ Illegal - Up to 4 years in prison	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Hawaii		❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Idaho	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Illinois	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Indiana	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Iowa	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kansas	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kentucky	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Lousiana Lousiana	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
Maine	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Maryland	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Massachusetts	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Michigan	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Minnesota	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mississippi	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Missouri	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Montana	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nebraska	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nevada	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
New Hampshire	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
New Jersey	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
New Mexico		❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data New York New York	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Carolina	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Dakota	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Ohio	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Oklahoma	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Oregon	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Pennsylvania	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Rhode Island	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Carolina	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Dakota	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
Tennessee	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
Texas	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
Utah	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Vermont	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
Virginia	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Washington Washington	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown
West Virginia		❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Winsconsin Winsconsin	❌ Illegal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Wyoming		❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Central America

In the early 2000s, sex with animals was legal in all Central American countries except Belize. From 2011 to 2017, all Central American countries banned it.

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Belize	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years' imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
France Clipperton Island (Overseas minor territory of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Costa Rica	❌ Illegal since 2015^[42]^[43] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
El Salvador	❌ Illegal since 2016^[44]^[45] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guatemala	❌ Illegal since 2017^[46]^[47] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal since 2017^[46]^[47] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Honduras Honduras	❌ Illegal since 2015^[48] Penalty: Seizure of animals, and 10 minimum salaries to 25 minimum salaries	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nicaragua	❌ Illegal since 2011^[49] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Panama	❌ Illegal since 2012^[50] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Caribbean

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Anguilla (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Antigua and Barbuda	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Aruba (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bahamas	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Barbados	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
British Virgin Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Caribbean Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba; Special municipalities of the Netherlands)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cayman Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cuba	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Curaçao Curaçao (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Dominica	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Dominican Republic	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Grenada	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years' imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (Overseas department of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
United States Guantanamo Bay Naval Base (Extraterritorial jurisdiction of the United States)	Legal for civilians ❌ Illegal for armed service members since 16 September 2016 Penalty: Maximum of dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement for 5 years.^[51]^[52]^[53]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Haiti	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jamaica	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years' imprisonment and hard labor^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Martinique Martinique (Overseas department of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Montserrat (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 6 months in prison and a $25,000 fine^[54]^[55]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
File:Flag of Saint Barthelemy (local).svg Saint Barthélemy (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Saint Kitts and Nevis	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of four years' imprisonment, with or without hard labor for buggery Maximum of four years' imprisonment for attempted buggery^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Saint Lucia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
File:Flag of France.svg Saint Martin (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years' imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Sint Maarten (Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Trinidad and Tobago	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States)	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of five years' imprisonment^[56]	❌ Illegal^[56] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal^[56] Penalty: ❓ Unknown

South America

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Argentina	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bolivia	❌ Illegal since 1 July 2015 Penalty: Maximum of 1 year's imprisonment and a fine of 60 days, or lose work benefits of 6 months^[57]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Brazil Brazil	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal^[58]	❌ Illegal^[58]
Chile	Legal^[59] It can be prosecuted under Law 21020 if the animal is hurt^[60]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Colombia	❌ Illegal since 2015 Penalty: Maximum of 63 months' imprisonment or a minimum of 21 months' imprisonment, special inability of 1.75 to 5.25 years for the exercise of profession, trade, trade or tenure related to animals, and a maximum fine of 105 minimum wages or a minimum of 8.75 minimum wages^[61]^[62]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Ecuador	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 8 years in prison^[63]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Falkland Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
French Guiana French Guiana (Overseas department of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guyana	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Paraguay	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Peru	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Suriname	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Uruguay	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Venezuela	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Asia

Central Asia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Kazakhstan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kyrgyzstan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tajikistan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Turkmenistan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Uzbekistan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Eurasia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Akrotiri and Dhekelia Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of three years' imprisonment^[64]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Armenia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cyprus	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of three years' imprisonment^[65]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Georgia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Minimum of one year's imprisonment, maximum of five years' imprisonment^[66]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Northern Cyprus	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Western Asia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Bahrain	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Iran	❌ Illegal Penalty: The first three convictions are determined by a judge and the fourth offense is capital punishment^[67]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Iraq	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Israel	❌ No specific laws against bestiality^[68], but prosecuted as animal abuse^[69]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jordan	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Kuwait	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Lebanon	❌ Illegal since 1 March 1943 Penalty: Maximum of one year's imprisonment^[14]^[70]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Oman	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Palestine	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Qatar	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of capital punishment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Saudi Arabia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of capital punishment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Syria	❌ Illegal since 22 June 1949 Penalty: Maximum of three years' imprisonment^[14]^[71]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
United Arab Emirates	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of capital punishment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Yemen	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal

Southern Asia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Afghanistan	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Bangladesh	❌ Illegal since 25 July 1828 (As part of Company rule in India) Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment (Unenforced)^[14]^[72]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Bhutan	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of one year imprisonment^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
India India	❌ Illegal since 25 July 1828 (As part of Company rule in India) Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]^[72]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Maldives	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of thirty months' imprisonment^[14]^[73]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Nepal	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Pakistan	❌ Illegal since 25 July 1828 (As part of Company rule in India) Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]^[72]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Sri Lanka	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years' imprisonment (Unenforced)^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown

Eastern Asia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
China China	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Hong Kong (Special administrative region of China)	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 10 years in prison and $50,000 fine^[74]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Japan Japan	Legal	Legal	Legal
Macau (Special administrative region of China)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Mongolia	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
North Korea	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
South Korea	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of one year in prison or fines which can total up to ₩ 20 million	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Taiwan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Southeast Asia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Brunei	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of capital punishment^[75]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Myanmar	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of life imprisonment^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cambodia	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
East Timor	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Laos	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Malaysia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of twenty years' imprisonment and shall also be liable to whipping^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Philippines	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Singapore	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of two years in prison and fine (Unenforced)^[76]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Thailand	❌ Illegal since 2014 Penalty: Maximum of one year in prison and a fine of up to Bt20,000^[77]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Vietnam	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown

Republic of Indonesia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Indonesia	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Aceh Aceh	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of being whipped one hundred times^[78]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bali	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bangka Belitung Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Banten	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bengkulu	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Central Java	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Central Kalimantan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Central Sulawesi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
East Java	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
East Kalimantan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
East Nusa Tenggara	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Gorontalo	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jakarta Jakarta	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jambi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Lampung	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Maluku	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Kalimantan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Maluku	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Sulawesi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
North Sumatra	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Papua	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Riau	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Riau Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Southeast Sulawesi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Kalimantan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Sulawesi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Sumatra South Sumatra	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Java West Java	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Kalimantan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Nusa Tenggara	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Papua (province) West Papua	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Sulawesi West Sulawesi	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
West Sumatra	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Yogyakarta	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Europe

Central Europe

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Austria	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of a year's imprisonment and a fine of 360 days' rates^[79]	Legal^[80]
Croatia	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Czech Republic	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of a 1 year's imprisonment, prohibition to undertake an activity, or to confiscation of a thing or another property value^[81]	Legal^[82]
Germany Germany	❌ Illegal since 2013 13th provision.^[83] The law was unsuccessfully challenged in 2016^[84]^[85]^[86]^[87]^[88] Penalty: Maximum of a €25,000 fine^[89]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of a fine or 3 years' imprisonment^[90]^[91]	Legal (as long as it is not owned with intention of publicizing, sharing or selling)^[92]^[91]
Hungary	Legal^[15]^[93]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Liechtenstein	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Poland Poland	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 3 years in prison, donation to animal welfare charity and prohibition of owning an animal for up to 10 years (if done in order to distribute or sell the penalty is increased to a minimum of 6 months and maximum of 8 years in prison)^[15]^[94]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum 5 years' to a minimum of 3 months' imprisonment^[95]	Legal (if not possessed with intent to sell or distribute)
Romania	Legal^[15]	❓ Unknown; Law only mentions a ban on "sites with […] zoophilic content", which are to be blocked by ISPs at the request of the National Authority for Management and Regulation in Communications^[96]	Legal^[96]
Slovakia	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Slovenia	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Switzerland	❌ Illegal Penalty: Imprisonment (In the case of repeated or serious infringements, authorities may prohibit the keeping or breeding of animals for trade or professional occupation)^[97]	❌ Illegal^[98] Penalty: A fine or a Maximum of 3 years imprisonment	❌ Illegal Penalty: A fine or a Maximum of 1 year imprisonment

Eastern Europe

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Abkhazia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Armenia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Azerbaijan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Belarus	Legal^[99]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Georgia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kazakhstan	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Moldova	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Artsakh	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Russia Russia	Legal, unless animal is hurt (no explicit law)^[100]	❌ Illegal^{[citation needed]} Penalty: Minimum 1 year of imprisonment. Maximum 2 years. Or a fine.	Legal
South Ossetia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Transnistria^[101]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Ukraine	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown

Northern Europe

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Denmark	❌ Illegal since 1 July 2015 Penalty: Fine or a maximum of 4 months in prison^[102]^[103]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Estonia	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Faroe Islands (Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Finland	Legal since 15 January 1971^[104]^[105]	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Penalty: ❓ Unknown
Iceland	Legal since 12 August 1940 (As part of Denmark)^[104]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Latvia	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Lithuania	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❓ Unknown
Norway	❌ Illegal since 2008^[106] Penalty: Fine and/or maximum of 3 years in prison.^[107]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Sweden	❌ Illegal since 2014 Penalty: Fine, maximum of 2 years' imprisonment, or both^[108]	❓	❓

Southern Europe

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Albania	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Andorra	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bosnia and Herzegovina	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Bulgaria	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal
Gibraltar (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Greece	❌ Illegal^[109]	❌ illegal^[109]	❌ illegal^[109]
Italy Italy	❌ No specific laws against bestiality, but in 2012 the Supreme Court of Cassation sentenced a man to six months in jail for forcing his dogs to have sex with women.^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	Legal^[80]	Legal^[80]
North Macedonia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Malta	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Montenegro	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Portugal	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
San Marino	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Serbia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Spain Spain	❌ Illegal since 30 March 2015 Penalty: Minimum of three months and one day to a maximum of one year of imprisonment and a year's disqualification and a day to three years for the exercise of profession, trade or business that is related to animals and animal husbandry^[110]^[15]^[16] On Feb. 9, 2023 a change in the bill created controversy that bestiality was considered legal. This has been proved false. The bill was amended: All sexual acts with animals will be punishable. In the event that they produce injuries, they will be considered crimes; in the rest – less serious offenses – they will be classified as abuse without visible signs of injury (maltrato de obra). ^[111]^[111]	Legal^[80]	Legal^[80]
Turkey	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 2 years' imprisonment^[112]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Minimum of one year's imprisonment and a maximum of four years' imprisonment	❌ Illegal Penalty: Minimum of one year's imprisonment and a maximum of four years' imprisonment
Vatican City	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Western Europe

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Belgium	❌ Illegal since 2007 Penalty: Maximum of 6 months in prison and a fine of €1,000^[113]	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Penalty: ❓ Unknown
France France	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Guernsey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Ireland	❌ Illegal since 1634^[115] Penalty: Maximum of life in prison^[116]^[117]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Isle of Man (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Jersey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Luxembourg	❌ Illegal^[15] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Monaco	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Netherlands	❌ Illegal since 2010 Penalty: Maximum of 1 year in prison and €19,500 fine^[118]	❌ Illegal since 2010 Penalty: Maximum 6 months' imprisonment or a fine of €7,800^[119]	❌ Illegal since 2010 Penalty: Maximum 6 months' imprisonment or a fine of €7,800^[119]
United Kingdom United Kingdom	❌ Illegal since 1558 (As part of Kingdom of England for England and Wales only) ❌ Illegal since 1634 (As part of Kingdom of Ireland for Northern Ireland only)^[115] ❌ Illegal (As part of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for Scotland only) Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison for conviction on indictment Maximum of 6 months in prison and a fine for summary conviction^[7]^[120]	❌ Illegal since 26 January 2009 Penalty: Maximum of 12 months' imprisonment in England or 6 months' imprisonment in Northern Ireland, a fine, or both on summary conviction Maximum of 2 years' imprisonment, a fine, or both on conviction on indictment^[121]	❌ Illegal since 26 January 2009 Penalty: Maximum of 12 months' imprisonment in England or 6 months' imprisonment in Northern Ireland, a fine, or both on summary conviction Maximum of 2 years' imprisonment, a fine, or both on conviction on indictment^[121]

Oceania

Australasia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
New Zealand	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of 7 years in prison ("bestiality") Maximum of 3 years in prison ("indecency with animal")^[122]^[123]	❓ Unknown	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of a $2000 fine for an individual ("possession an objectionable publication") Maximum of 10 years in prison or a $50,000 fine for an individual ("possession of objectionable publications with knowledge")^[124]^[125]^[126]

Commonwealth of Australia

Country, state, or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Australia Australia	❌ Illegal	❌ Illegal^[127] Penalty: ❓ Unknown	Importation (including downloading) illegal.
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Australia Australian Antarctic Territory	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Australian Capital Territory	❌ Illegal since 2011 Penalty: Maximum ten years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Christmas Island	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Template:Country data Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Australia Coral Sea Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Australia Jervis Bay Territory	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
New South Wales	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum fourteen years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Norfolk Island	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Northern Territory	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum three years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Queensland	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum seven years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
South Australia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum ten years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tasmania	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum 21 years' imprisonment^[128]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum two years' imprisonment and/or fine^[129]	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum one year imprisonment and/or fine^[130]
Victoria (Australia) Victoria	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum five years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Western Australia	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum seven years' imprisonment^[128]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Melanesia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Fiji	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years in prison with corporal punishment^[131]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
New Caledonia (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Papua New Guinea	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years in prison^[14]	❌ Illegal Sale and distribution of any kind of pornography illegal	❌ Illegal Ownership of any kind of pornography illegal
Solomon Islands	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Vanuatu	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Micronesia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
Guam (Unincorporated territory of the United States)	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Federated States of Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Kiribati	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Marshall Islands	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Nauru	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Northern Mariana Islands (Unincorporated territory of the United States)	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Palau	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

Polynesia

Country or territory	Bestiality	Sale and distribution of zoophilic pornography	Ownership of zoophilic pornography
American Samoa (Unincorporated territory of the United States)	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Easter Island Easter Island (Overseas territory of Chile)	Legal^[59]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Cook Islands (Part of the Realm of New Zealand)	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of seven years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
French Polynesia (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Niue (Part of the Realm of New Zealand)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Pitcairn Islands (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Samoa	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of five years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tokelau (Part of the Realm of New Zealand)	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tonga	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of ten years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Tuvalu	❌ Illegal Penalty: Maximum of fourteen years in prison^[14]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands (Unincorporated organized territory of the United States)	Legal	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown
Wallis and Futuna (Overseas collectivity of France)	❌ Illegal since 9 March 2004 Penalty: Maximum of 2 years in prison and €30,000 fine^[23]	❓ Unknown	❓ Unknown

History

Mentions in the press

Wisconsin, USA (2007) - Bryan James Hathaway was convicted for having sex with a dead deer. The court case raised some interesting legal issues because the statute prohibits sex with animals, but not carcasses. The defence raised the issue that if a dead animal was an animal, at what point would it cease to be an animal. He was sentenced to 6 months probation and labeled as a sex offender.^[132]
Kansas, USA (2012) - Joshua Coman was convicted in Kansas of criminal sodomy (a misdemeanor), but the Kansas Supreme Court ruled that he did not have to register as a sex offender.^[133]^[134]
Vancouver, Canada (2012) - Brian Cutteridge, bestiality proponent, was arrested after the SPCA claims to have a video of him engaging in sex with one of his dogs.^[135]
Arizona, USA (2012) - Sarah Dae Walker and her husband pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit bestiality in a case where Craigslist was used.^[136]

Notes

↑ "Denmark's bestiality ban moves forward". www.thelocal.dk. 25 February 2015. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ "Denmark officially bans bestiality". www.thelocal.dk. 21 April 2015. Archived from the original on 14 September 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ "Denmark outlaws bestiality in narrow vote". www.cbsnews.com. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ Det Dyreetiske Råd: Udtalelse om menneskers seksuelle omgang med dyr Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, The Animal Ethics Council: Statement on the sexual relations of humans with animals
↑ "Hubby does it doggy style". Archived from the original on 3 February 2005.
↑ Regan, Tom. Animal Rights, Human Wrongs. Rowman & Littlefield, 2003, pp. 63–4, 89.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 "Sexual Offences Act 2003, Section 69". HM Government. 2003. Archived from the original on 28 August 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
↑ The argument that "all sexual activity with animals is automatically abuse" was made for example, in 1) the 2004 case of State vs. Mitchell Archived 16 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine (Florida), 2) the 2004 Pony case in Utrecht, Holland (cited below), and 3) the 2006 Washington state law which asserts as its foundational premise that "animal cruelty in the first degree is committed when a person knowingly engages in sexual conduct or sexual contact with an animal." SB-6417 2006
↑ "Man Charged With Sexually Abusing Animals". WBNS-10TV. 16 June 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
↑ "The Animal In You". The Stranger. February–March 2006. Archived from the original on 11 April 2006. Retrieved 30 April 2006.
↑ "Man charged with having intercourse with his Guide Dog". Archived from the original on 21 May 2008.
↑ "Section 828.126, Florida Statutes". The Florida Senate. 2011. Archived from the original on 8 April 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
↑ Aggrawal, Anil (2009). Forensic and Medico-legal Aspects of Sexual Crimes and Unusual Sexual Practices. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-4308-2. Archived from the original on 10 February 2010. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
↑ ^14.00 ^14.01 ^14.02 ^14.03 ^14.04 ^14.05 ^14.06 ^14.07 ^14.08 ^14.09 ^14.10 ^14.11 ^14.12 ^14.13 ^14.14 ^14.15 ^14.16 ^14.17 ^14.18 ^14.19 ^14.20 ^14.21 ^14.22 ^14.23 ^14.24 ^14.25 ^14.26 ^14.27 ^14.28 ^14.29 ^14.30 ^14.31 ^14.32 ^14.33 ^14.34 ^14.35 ^14.36 ^14.37 ^14.38 ^14.39 ^14.40 "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
↑ ^15.00 ^15.01 ^15.02 ^15.03 ^15.04 ^15.05 ^15.06 ^15.07 ^15.08 ^15.09 ^15.10 ^15.11 ^15.12 ^15.13 ^15.14 ^15.15 ^15.16 ^15.17 ^15.18 ^15.19 "Denmark passes law to ban bestiality". BBC Newsbeat. 22 April 2015. Archived from the original on 6 August 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ ^16.0 ^16.1 ^16.2 ^16.3 "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ "Penal Code of Cameroon" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ ^18.0 ^18.1 ^18.2 ^18.3 "Animal welfare in OIE member countries & territories in the SADC region" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
↑ "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ "Penal Code of Rwanda" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 January 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ "Criminal Code of Eritrea" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ "Criminal Code of Ethiopia 2004 - Article 633.- Sexual Intercourse with an Animal" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 October 2009. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ ^23.00 ^23.01 ^23.02 ^23.03 ^23.04 ^23.05 ^23.06 ^23.07 ^23.08 ^23.09 ^23.10 ^23.11 ^23.12 ^23.13 "French Penal Code Article 521-1" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
↑ "Penal Code Act, 2010 | Lesotho Legal Information Institute". lesotholii.org. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
↑ Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007 Archived 23 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine, s. 13.
↑ Films and Publications Act 65 of 1996^{[permanent dead link]} s. 24A(2) read with s. 18(3)(b)(ii).
↑ "CRIMINAL LAW (CODIFICATION AND REFORM) ACT [CHAPTER 9:23" (PDF). Retrieved 26 February 2020.
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[Sexuality_with_Animals_(Zoophilia)_–_an_Unrecognized_Problem_in_Animal_Welfare_Legislation-80] 80.0 ^80.1 ^80.2 ^80.3 ^80.4 "Sexuality with Animals (Zoophilia) – an Unrecognized Problem in Animal Welfare Legislation" (PDF). Retrieved 26 February 2020.

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[irishlaws-115] 115.0 ^115.1 Act for the Punishment of the Vice of Buggery (Ireland) 1634 (10 Chas. 1, sess. 2, c. 20) replaced by section 18 of the Offences against the Person (Ireland) Act 1829 (10 Geo. 4, c. 34) replaced by section 61 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 (24 & 25 Vict., c. 100). In the Republic of Ireland the 1861 act is still in force as of 5 July 2017^[update] with respect to animals.^[114] In Northern Ireland it was replaced by section 69 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003, in turn replaced by Article 73 of The Sexual Offences (Northern Ireland) Order 2008

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[au_state_laws-128] 128.0 ^128.1 ^128.2 ^128.3 ^128.4 ^128.5 ^128.6 ^128.7 Ref: Halsbury's Laws of Australia #9 page 247662: Criminal offence: New South Wales (Crimes Act 1900 s79, not more than 14 years' imprisonment), Northern Territory (Criminal Code s138, not more than 3 years' imprisonment), Queensland (Criminal Code s211: "carnal knowledge of an animal", not more than 7 years imprisonment), South Australia (Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 s69, "buggery with an animal", not more than 10 years' imprisonment), Tasmania (Criminal Code s122(b), not more than 21 years' imprisonment), Victoria (Crimes Act 1958 s59, not more than 5 years' imprisonment), Western Australia (Criminal Code s181: "carnal knowledge of an animal", not more than 7 years' imprisonment), Australian Capital Territory (Crimes Act 1900, s63A inserted in 2011, "Bestiality", not more than 10 years' imprisonment).

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@@ Line 732: / Line 732: @@
 {{Main article|Legality of bestiality in the United States}}
 ===== United States of America =====
+''This section will be worked on due to issues with incorrect flags.''
 {|class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
 ! Country or territory
@@ Line 2,191: / Line 2,192: @@
 ----
 '''Penalty:''' Minimum of three months and one day to a maximum of one year of imprisonment and a year's disqualification and a day to three years for the exercise of profession, trade or business that is related to animals and animal husbandry<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.es/20150116/spain-will-ban-bestiality-but-not-animal-fight|title=Spain bans bestiality but not animal fights|date=16 January 2015|website=www.thelocal.es|language=en-GB|access-date=29 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529122051/https://www.thelocal.es/20150116/spain-will-ban-bestiality-but-not-animal-fight|archive-date=29 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Denmark passes law to ban bestiality" /><ref name="Spain">{{Cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2015-3439&prev=search|title=Google Translate|website=translate.google.com|access-date=29 May 2019}}</ref>
+On Feb. 9, 2023 a change in the bill created controversy that bestiality was considered legal. This has been proved false. The bill was amended: All sexual acts with animals will be punishable. In the event that they produce injuries, they will be considered crimes; in the rest – less serious offenses – they will be classified as abuse without visible signs of injury (maltrato de obra).
+<ref name="Snopes" /><ref name="Snopes>{{Cite web|url=https://www.snopes.com/news/2023/02/24/spain-decriminalize-bestiality/|access-date=24 Feb 2023}}</ref>
 ||[[Image:Yes check.svg|15px]] Legal<ref name="Sexuality with Animals (Zoophilia) – an Unrecognized Problem in Animal Welfare Legislation">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tierimrecht.org/documents/1361/Zoophilia_an_Unrecognized_Problem_in_Animal_Welfare_Legislation.pdf|title=Sexuality with Animals (Zoophilia) – an Unrecognized Problem in Animal Welfare Legislation|accessdate=26 February 2020}}</ref>
 ||[[Image:Yes check.svg|15px]] Legal<ref name="Sexuality with Animals (Zoophilia) – an Unrecognized Problem in Animal Welfare Legislation" />
@@ Line 2,629: / Line 2,634: @@
 [[Category:Sex laws]]
 [[Category:Zoophilia]]
+[[Category:Resources]]
+[[Category:Research]]

v t e Zoophilia
Zoophilia	Formicophilia History of zoophilia Human–animal marriage Ophidiophilia
Related subjects	Animal sexuality Hani Miletski Sexual ethics Sexual norm Sodomy Zoosadism
Animal Health	STI & Zoophilia Syphilis and Zoophilia Allergic Response To Intimate Interspecies Contact Assisting Decision-Making on Age of Neutering for 35 Breeds of Dogs Brucellosis
Category

v t e Sexual ethics
Human sexuality	Adolescent sexuality Rainbow party Adultery Education Fetishism Incest law Miscegenation Objectification Orientation Pregnancy Abortion Prostitution law Survival sex
Child sexuality	Child marriage Child pornography law Child prostitution Child sex tourism
Sexual abuse	Child-on-child sexual abuse Child sexual abuse law Cybersex trafficking Harassment Rape law Sex trafficking Sexual slavery
Age of consent (reform)	Africa Asia Europe North America United States Oceania South America
Topical outline

v t e Lists of countries by laws and law enforcement rankings
Age of	Consent Legal candidacy for political office Criminal responsibility Legal drinking Legal driving Majority Legal marriage Retirement age Mandatory retirement School-leaving age Legal smoking Voting Suffrage Youth suffrage Working age
Drugs	Drug and precursor laws by country or territory Psychedelics Amanita mushroom Legality Ayahuasca Legality Cannabis Legality annual use lifetime use Ibogaine Legality LSD Legality Psilocybin mushroom Legality Salvia divinorum Legality Other Alcohol Legality of moonshine by country or territory Alcohol consumption Alcohol law Bath salts Legal status of Mephedrone Legal status of MPDV Legal status of Methylone Cocaine use Legality Methamphetamine Legality Opiate use
Death	Legality of euthanasia Homicide by decade Law enforcement killings Legality of suicide Legality of assisted suicide
Guns	Deaths Ownership Laws
Punishment	Corporal punishment At home At school In court Death penalty Incarceration Life imprisonment
Obscenity	Incest Laws Pornography Child pornography Simulated child pornography Drawn pornography depicting minors Internet pornography Prostitution Sexual assault Child sexual abuse Rape Sodomy law Sex trafficking Zoophilia
Reproduction	Abortion law Minors and abortion Adoption law International adoption Human cloning Surrogacy
Censorship	Censorship by country Book censorship by country Film censorship by country Internet censorship by country Cartographic censorship Political censorship Video gaming censorship by country
Human rights	Children's rights Children in the military Intersex rights LGBT rights Slavery Human trafficking
Freedom of movement	by country In the air Abode
Property and Environmental	Air Estate Land Minerals Mining Mortgage Water Riparian water
Business	Corporate Corporate liability Competition Mergers and acquisitions Monopoly Legality of bitcoin by country or territory
International ownership	International waters Sea law Maritime law Antarctic Treaty System
Other	Animal rights Immigration law National legal systems Police brutality prisoner abuse Religious law separation of church and state Sharia Size of police forces World Justice Project
List of international rankings List of top international rankings by country Lists by country